Black Sea Grain Initiative

The Black Sea Grain Initiative was a deal among Russia, Ukraine, Turkey, and the UN that aimed to safely export grain from Ukraine, a major grain exporter, after the Russian invasion of Ukraine halted maritime shipments in February 2022, leading to a rise in world food prices and famine threats. The initiative, signed in July 2022, created procedures for grain export and set up a joint coordination center in Turkey. The deal was initially valid for 120 days but was extended several times, with the last extension expiring on July 18, 2023, after Russia failed to reach a new agreement. During the 14 months the deal was in effect, more than 1000 voyages carrying nearly 33 million tonnes of grain and food products successfully left Ukrainian ports.learn more on wikipedia